From Forensics Wiki
The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a proprietary document format from Adobe Inc. It is widely available on the web.
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Format
Each file begins with the string %PDF. Each block ends with the letters EOF, but there can be multiple EOF's in a single file (this often confuses programs like foremost that search for footers).
Metadata
The metadata (or parts of it) can be extracted with pdfinfo, a utility which is part of the xpdf package.
Embedded Objects
You can use pdfimages, part of the xpdf, to extract all of the images out of a PDF file and put each in its own file.
